Growth of the Philosophic Literature

It is difficult to say how the systems were originally formulated, and what were the influences that led to it. We know that a spirit of philosophic enquiry had already begun in the days of the earliest Upanishads. Read more

Does Vaisheshika represent an Old School of Mimamsa?

The Vaisheshika is so much associated with Nyaya by tradition that it seems at first sight quite unlikely that it could be supposed to represent an old school of Mimamsa, older than that represented in the Mimamsa sutras. But a closer inspection of the Vaisheshika sutras seems to confirm such a supposition in a very remarkable way. We have seen in the previous section that Caraka quotes a Vaisheshika sutra. Read more

Yoga Asana in Patanjali Yoga Sutras

About a definition of asana, yoga pose, we can quote Patañjali, which enunciates in three brief aphorisms the principles on which the âsanas, their objectives and effects, are established, as well as the process through which such effects are achieved. It is appropriate to underline that all of this concerns the static aspect of the âsana. Read more